Structs

Let's learn about the attractive struct

Struct

• Struct is similar to object but is more flexible than map

• map can only contain Key and Value of specified types, but struct can contain values regardless of type

• Struct is basically a structure, and the way to create a struct is as follows:

  1. Define what kind of struct it is

  2. Create the structure format

  • ex)

    package main
    
    import "fmt"
    
    type person struct {
     name    string
     age     int
     favFood []string
    }
    
    func main() {
     favFood := []string{"guacamole", "omelet", "biscuits and gravy"}
     chloe := person{"chloe", 26, favFood}
     fmt.Println(chloe)
    }

Specifying values in Struct

1. Specify values in the defined order

   chloe := person{"chloe", 26, chloeFav}

   • This is not a good method because it's not clear which value is which

     • There's the inconvenience of having to check what position the value is in the struct

2. Specify by clearly stating what value it is

   camila := person{name: "camila", age: 26, favFood: camilaFav}

• It's clear since you don't need to compare and check the struct

However, you cannot use the two methods mixed together!

Using Struct

• Go doesn't have class like Java, and doesn't have object like Python or JavaScript

  • You must use Struct!

• You can also create methods with Struct

• Go doesn't have construct method

  • There's no construct like Python's __init__, JavaScript's constructor() in Go's struct

  • You must create and execute the constructor yourself

• Since you can do almost everything in Go using struct, struct plays an important role!